Using C-Tool to simulate soil carbon and radiocarbon development

Tho model framework C-TOOL was used to simulate soil carbon and radiocarbon development. A simple three-compartment model was sufficient for describing the data

A survey of the effect of grooved runway operations on the wear of commercial airline tires

Effect of grooved runway operations on wear of commercial airline tire

Hamiltonian Reduction of SL(2)SL(2)-theories at the Level of Correlators

Since the work of Bershadsky and Ooguri and Feigin and Frenkel it is well known that correlators of $SL(2)$ current algebra for admissible representations should reduce to correlators for conformal minimal models. A precise proposal for this relation has been given at the level of correlators: When $SL(2)$ primary fields are expressed as $\phi_j(z_n,x_n)$ with $x_n$ being a variable to keep track of the $SL(2)$ representation multiplet (possibly infinitely dimensional for admissible representations), then the minimal model correlator is supposed to be obtained simply by putting all $x_n=z_n$. Although strong support for this has been presented, to the best of our understanding a direct, simple proof seems to be missing so in this paper we present one based on the free field Wakimoto construction and our previous study of that in the present context. We further verify that the explicit $SL(2)$ correlators we have published in a recent preprint reduce in the above way, up to a constant which we also calculate. We further discuss the relation to more standard formulations of hamiltonian reduction.Comment: 13 pages, LaTe

Survey of Australian father\u27s attitudes towards infant vaccination: Findings from the Australian Father\u27s Study

Objective: To investigate the attitudes of expectant Australian fathers towards vaccination, and to identify factors which may influence these attitudes. Methods: A cross-sectional survey study of 407 Australian men with expectant partners, mean age 30.4 (SD 6.7). Self reported attitude, level of knowledge and information resources accessed regarding pregnancy related issues. Participant demographics collected included: Age, number of children, relationship status, level of education, employment information and smoking status. Results: Majority (89%) of participants had a positive attitude towards infant vaccination, 9% felt neutral and 2% had negative attitudes. Positive attitudes towards vaccination were associated with lower self-reported knowledge of pregnancy issues but a higher likelihood of discussing pregnancy issues with health care providers rather than sourcing information from the internet (both p\u3c0.001). Conclusion: A majority of Australian expectant fathers have a positive attitude towards infant vaccination. Fathers with negative attitudes to vaccination self-reported higher levels of knowledge. They were more likely to obtain information from the Internet instead of healthcare staff. Implication for public health: Including fathers in health discussion with knowledgeable health care providers may result in increased vaccine uptake

Extended Superconformal Algebras from Classical and Quantum Hamiltonian Reduction

We consider the extended superconformal algebras of the Knizhnik-Bershadsky type with $W$-algebra like composite operators occurring in the commutation relations, but with generators of conformal dimension 1,$\frac{3}{2}$ and 2, only. These have recently been neatly classified by several groups, and we emphasize the classification based on hamiltonian reduction of affine Lie superalgebras with even subalgebras $G\oplus sl(2)$. We reveiw the situation and improve on previous formulations by presenting generic and very compact expressions valid for all algebras, classical and quantum. Similarly generic and compact free field realizations are presented as are corresponding screening charges. Based on these a discussion of singular vectors is presented. (Based on talk by J.L. Petersen at the Int. Workshop on "String Theory, Quantum Gravity and the Unification of the Fundamental Interactions", Rome Sep. 21-26, 1992)Comment: 30 pages, NBI-HE-92-8

European lessons for Green and Blue Services in The Netherlands

Green and Blue Services were developed in The Netherlands to reward farmers for the environmental services they provide to society. Especially the first initiatives were area specific, developed together with farmers and different from the national Agri-environmental scheme. In the PLUREL case study region Haaglanden, Green and Blue Services are seen as a strategy to strengthen agriculture in the urban fringe

Directed flow, a signal for the phase transition in Relativistic Nuclear Collisions?

The sign change of the slope of the directed flow of baryons has been predicted as a signal for a first order phase transition within fluid dynamical calculations. Recently, the directed flow of identified particles has been measured by the STAR collaboration in the beam energy scan (BES) program. In this article, we examine the collision energy dependence of directed flow $v_1$ in fluid dynamical model descriptions of heavy ion collisions for $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=3-20$ GeV. The first step is to reproduce the existing predictions within pure fluid dynamical calculations. As a second step we investigate the influence of the order of the phase transition on the anisotropic flow within a state-of-the-art hybrid approach that describes other global observables reasonably well. We find that, in the hybrid approach, there seems to be no sensitivity of the directed flow on the equation of state and in particular on the existence of a first order phase transition. In addition, we explore more subtle sensitivities like e.g. the Cooper-Frye transition criterion and discuss how momentum conservation and the definition of the event plane affects the results. At this point, none of our calculations matches qualitatively the behavior of the STAR data, the values of the slopes are always larger than in the data.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure

Nonsquare Spectral Factorization for Nonlinear Control Systems

This paper considers nonsquare spectral factorization of nonlinear input affine state space systems in continuous time. More specifically, we obtain a parametrization of nonsquare spectral factors in terms of invariant Lagrangian submanifolds and associated solutions of Hamilton–Jacobi inequalities. This inequality is a nonlinear analogue of the bounded real lemma and the control algebraic Riccati inequality. By way of an application, we discuss an alternative characterization of minimum and maximum phase spectral factors and introduce the notion of a rigid nonlinear system.

A Derivation of Moment Evolution Equations for Linear Open Quantum Systems

Given a linear open quantum system which is described by a Lindblad master equation, we detail the calculation of the moment evolution equations from this master equation. We stress that the moment evolution equations are well-known, but their explicit derivation from the master equation cannot be found in the literature to the best of our knowledge, and so we provide this derivation for the interested reader